From pledge to permits: The fossil‑fuel phaseout is moving from theory to market and policy reality
Colombia’s new fossil‑fuel transition summit crystallises a global pivot: from debating phaseout in principle to deciding permits, grids and just‑transition deals in practice. With renewables overtaking coal in 2025 and oil price shocks reshaping politics, the question is no longer if the transition happens—but how fast governments stop new fossil expansion and manage the social fallout.